lysozyme (Gal d 4)

Allergen Data Collection - Update: Hen's Egg White (Gallus domesticus)
Internet Symposium on Food Allergens 2(1): 1-29 (2000) [http://www.food-allergens.de]

7.5 Properties of Lysozyme

7.5.1 Molecular Biological Properties

Lysozyme (LY) References

Allergen Nomenclature Gal d 4 (1) King et al. 1994

Molecular Mass Mr 14.3 kDa (1) Awade et al. 1994

Isoelectric Point pI 11
(1) Holen & Elsayed 1990

Amino Acid Sequence

Gal d 4

SWISS-PROT: P00698

GenBank: M10640, J00885, V00428

PIR: A00853, A41423

Amino acids 129 residues (1, 4)

mRNA 584 bp (3)

cDNA 3.9 kb (2)

(1) Blake et al. 1965
(2) Baldacci et al. 1979
(3) Jung et al. 1980
(4) Imoto et al. 1981

recombinant LY
Expression in Aspergillus niger (1, 8)
Expression in Escherichia coli (5, 14)
Expression of LY mutants in Escherichia coli (7, 9)
Expression in Lactococcus lactis (4)
Expression of LY mutants in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2, 3, 7, 11, 13)
Expression of glycosylated mutants in yeast (6, 15) and tabacco (15)
Expression by phage display of LY (12)
(1) Archer et al. 1990
(2) Inoue et al. 1992a
(3) Inoue et al. 1992a
(4) van de Guchte et al. 1992
(5) Fischer et al. 1993
(6) Nakamura et al. 1993
(7) Ueda et al. 1993
(8) Jeenes et al. 1994
(9) Tachibana et al. 1994
(10) Tsumoto et al. 1995
(11) Hashimoto et al. 1996
(12) Maenaka et al. 1996
(13) Ueda et al. 1996
(14) De Bernardez Clark et al. 1998
(15) Kato et al. 1998

3D-Structure
X-ray of LY (1)
NMR study comparison with X-ray data (2)
NMR of LY (4)
15N-labeled LY (NMR studies) (3)
NMR studies of oxidized, reduced and, denatured LY (9)
antibody-LY complexes (3, review: 8)
antibody-LY mutant complex (6)
LY mutants (X-ray) (7)
murine MHC II - LY 50-62 complex (10)
molecular modeling of murine MHC II - LY 52-61 complex (11) (1) Blake et al. 1965
(2) Redfield et al. 1988
(3) Fischmann et al. 1991
(4) Bartik et al. 1993
(5) Buck et al. 1995a , 1995b
(6) Chacko et al. 1995
(7) Shih et al. 1995
(8) Bentley 1996
(9) Schwalbe et al. 1997
(10) Fremont et al. 1998
(11) Weber et al. 1998

Posttranslational Modifications
Disulfide bonds:
4 disulfide bonds: 24-145, 48-133, 82-98, 94-112 (1)
Glycosylation of LY:
glycosylated LY (Mr 18 kDa): 0.3% of total LY in commercial preparation (2)
(1) Haeffner-Gormley et al. 1985
(2) Trudel & Asselin 1995

Biological Function
bacteriolytic function: muramidase and chitinase activity
1,4-beta-N-Acetyl-muramidase C (EC 3.2.1.17)
active sites: 35 / 52, substrate binding: 101 (1) (1) Kirby 1987

7.5.2 Allergenic Properties

Lysozyme (LY) References

Frequency of Sensitization
IgE-binding to OT in 6 to 69 % of patients (1) (1) see 6.1 Sensitization to Egg White Allergens

PBMC / T-Cell proliferation
lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) LY (1, 3)
TCL Proliferation induced by LY (2) (1) Pichler & Campi 1993
(2) Holen & Elsayed 1996
(3) Nyfeler & Pichler 1997

Lysozyme (LY)	References
*Frequency of Sensitization* IgE-binding to OT in 6 to 69 % of patients (1)	(1) see 6.1 Sensitization to Egg White Allergens
*PBMC / T-Cell proliferation* lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) LY (1, 3) TCL Proliferation induced by LY (2)	(1) Pichler & Campi 1993 (2) Holen & Elsayed 1996 (3) Nyfeler & Pichler 1997